ENSO analogue monitor

Built 29 October 2026 from the data on disk.
WHY IT MATTERS

Verdict

A very strong El Niño is forecast

Monthly rONI reached +2.08 in September 2026. The multi-model median peaks at +3.34 in December 2026; CPC's expected value for NDJ is +2.23 on a 3-month mean.

OBSERVED, SEP 2026
+2.08
Monthly rONI.
MULTI-MODEL MEDIAN PEAK
+3.34
December 2026. Interquartile range +3.01 to +3.57.
CPC EXPECTED VALUE, NDJ
+2.23
3-month mean, ±1σ +2.13 to +2.33. A forecaster consensus, not a model run.
VERY STRONG, CPC
96%
Probability of rONI at 2.0 or more in NDJ.
MONTHLY RONI, OBSERVED AND FORECAST

Where the event is heading

Hover to read each month. Observed and model values are monthly; the CPC diamonds are 3-month means placed at the centre month, so they are not directly comparable. Data: enso_plume_2026-10.csv, cpc_strengths_2026-10.csv; paths and links are under Sources.

CPC STRENGTH PROBABILITIES

NDJ

WHERE THE DATA COMES FROM

Sources and S3 paths

Read S3 with the platform-qa profile. A path ending in / is a prefix of many files.

SourceFeedsLinkS3 pathsNote
NOAA CPC, rONI indexObserved 3-month rONI and the analogue pathshttps://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/data/indices/RONI.ascii.txts3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/indices/
NOAA CPC, rONI strengths tableCPC expected value by season and strength probabilitieshttps://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/enso/roni/strengths/s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/cpc_forecast/
NOAA CPC, ENSO discussionContext for the CPC forecasthttps://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/analysis_monitoring/enso_advisory/ensodisc.shtmlPage not stored; parsed fields are in cpc_forecast/.
NOAA NCEI, OISST v2.1Daily Niño-3.4 and tropical-belt valueshttps://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/optimum-interpolation-ssts3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/oisst/
NOAA NCEI, ERSSTv5Sea-surface temperature behind the monthly observed rONI serieshttps://www.ncei.noaa.gov/products/extended-reconstructed-ssts3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/sst/The chart reads the mirror below.
Zeke Hausfather, climate-dashboardMonthly observed series and the multi-model plume (CFSv2, NMME, C3S, CanSIPS)https://github.com/hausfath/climate-dashboards3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/mega_plume/observed/ s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/mega_plume/archive/ s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/mega_plume/forecasts/Mirrored into this project.
Hausfather, ENSO methodologyHow the plume is weighted and de-duplicated across modelshttps://github.com/hausfath/climate-dashboard/blob/main/ENSO/METHODOLOGY.md
NOAA CPC, CFSv2CFSv2, one of the four forecast sourceshttps://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/CFSv2/CFSv2seasonal.shtmls3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/mega_plume/forecasts/CFS/
IRI Data Library, NMMENMME, one of the four forecast sources; the full hindcast archive is held as zarrhttps://iridl.ldeo.columbia.edu/SOURCES/.Models/.NMME/s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/mega_plume/forecasts/NMME/ s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/enso-forecast/zarr/
Copernicus C3S, seasonal forecastsC3S, one of the four forecast sourceshttps://climate.copernicus.eu/seasonal-forecastss3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/mega_plume/forecasts/C3S/
mktippett, nmme-ensoNMME archive builder and the relative Niño-3.4 methodhttps://github.com/mktippett/nmme-ensoCode only, vendored into the repo.
FAOSTATCocoa and coffee yieldhttps://www.fao.org/faostat/s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/dashboard_export/
USDA NASS QuickStatsWinter wheat productionhttps://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/dashboard_export/
Treefera ag_riskCorn drought and heat risk, daily by countyInternals3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/ag_risk/runs/2026-09-06_conus_corn/archive/realised_risk_conus_corn.zarr/ s3://qa-treefera-greenprint-data/tmp_enso_2026/data/dashboard_export/The dashboard_export copy is the yearly summary used here.
Treefera analogue finderAnalogue years, views and phase matchingInternalNot on S3. Repo files scripts/analogue_finder/outputs/, which make sync does not cover.